Branches
Formatting
Branch naming should be clear and use slashes e.g. routing/campground
So you can easily search for all branches of that type:
git branch --list "routing/*"
List all branches
qkey to exit list-avvmore info in list (also shows hidden branches)
git branch
git branch -avv
Create a new branch
git branch <BRANCH_NAME>
Create a new branch and checkout at the same time
git checkout -b <BRANCH_NAME>
Change to a branch
switchalso works for changing branches
git checkout <BRANCH_NAME>
git switch <BRANCH_NAME>
Checkout a specific commit rather than a whole branch
This moves HEAD to the specific commit
git checkout <COMMIT_HASH>
Relative references
Move up ancestors from a specific reference point
^moves to the first parent of the ref e.g.main^and^^to the second parent, etc.^2moves to the second parent if the current commit has two or more parents to move back towardsUse
HEAD^to travel backwards as the relative reference moves with you~moves a specified number of commits backwards e.g.HEAD~4I think
~without a number is the same as^The modifiers can also be chained together in a single command!
git checkout <REF>^
git checkout HEAD^
git checkout HEAD^2
git checkout HEAD~4
git checkout HEAD~2^2~2
Moving a branch (Branch forcing) to a new location
-fforces the command to happen
git branch -f <BRANCH_TO_MOVE> <LOCATION_TO_MOVE>
Merge two branches
The branch name used should be the one you are not currently in
git merge <BRANCH_NAME>
Delete a branch
git branch -d <BRANCH_NAME>
Delete branch on Remote
git push <REMOTE_NAME> --delete <BRANCH_NAME>
List of changes that will be merged into the current branch
git log ..<BRANCH_NAME>
Formatting branch names
Branch naming should be clear and use slashes e.g.
routing/campgroundSo you can easily search for all branches of that type
git branch --list "routing/*"
Remote tracking
You can make any arbitrary branch track o/main, and if you do so, that branch will have the same implied push destination and merge target as main
This means you can run git push on a branch named
totallyNotMainand have your work pushed to themainbranch on the remote!There are two ways to set this property. The first is to checkout a new branch by using a remote branch as the specified ref
Another way to set remote tracking on a branch is to simply use the
git branch -uoption<BRANCH_NAME>is not needed if you are already on the branch you want to use as the remote tracking reference
git checkout -b <NEW_BRANCH_NAME> <REMOTE_REF>
git checkout -b totallyNotMain origin/main
git branch -u <REMOTE_REF> <BRANCH_NAME>
git branch -u origin/main foo
Deleting an ambiguous local branch
If you've made a mistake and somehow created a local branch with the same name as a remote branch, you can either rename the local branch or delete it in the local file system
rm -r .git/refs/heads/<BRANCH_TO_DELETE>
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